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| Modern Genetic Analysis Chapter 4. The Inheritance of Genes Cell Division Genetics In Process 4-3: Meiosis Synaptonemal complexes. (a) In Hyalophora cecropia, a silk moth, the normal male chromosome number is 62, giving 31 synaptonemal complexes. In the individual shown here, one chromosome (center) is represented three times; such a chromosome is termed trivalent. The DNA is arranged in regular loops around the synaptonemal complex. The black, dense structure is the nucleolus. (b) Regular synaptonemal complex in Lilium tyrinum. Note (right) the two lateral elements of the synaptonemal complex and also (left) an unpaired chromosome, showing a central core corresponding to one of the lateral elements. [Parts (a) and (b) courtesy of Peter Moens.]

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