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| Modern Genetic Analysis Chapter 16. The Genetic Basis of Development The Many Parallels in Vertebrate and Insect Pattern Formation Figure 16-34. The signaling pathway for activation of the Drosophila DL morphogen parallels a mammalian signaling pathway for activation of NF k B, the transcription factor that activates the transcription of genes encoding antibody subunits. There are structural protein similarities between SPZ and IL-1, TOLL and IL-1R, CACT and I k B, and DL and NF k B. (Adapted from H. Lodish, D. Baltimore, A. Berk, S. L. Zipursky, P. Matsudaira, and J. Darnell, Molecular Cell Biology, 3d ed. Copyright © Scientific American Books, 1995.)

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